Apart from being used for adding flavor, it is also used for various health benefits that are derived from its anti-oxidants. These anti-oxidants are essential to curb unwanted free radical reactions in the body. This phenomenon also prevents many diseases that can get serious at a later stage. Some of the antioxidants listed in these seeds are kaempferol and quercetin that are known to prevent degenerative reactions. Fennel seeds contain a good amount of dietary fiber that is essential for the body. The fiber content helps improve digestion in the body, by facilitating timely breaking down of food molecules that make energy reactions possible. The carcinogenic diseases should be treated at the right stage so that their effect can be curbed or eliminated in the future. Fiber present in fennel seeds decreases reabsorption of cholesterol, thereby preventing any heart-related diseases. A number of volatile oil compounds like myrcene, fenchone, chavicol, cineole are present in these seeds that assist in digestive, carminative, and antioxidant reactions in the body. Production of Red Blood Cells is enhanced by the consumption of Fennel Seeds. Copper, which is required by the body for the production of red blood cells, is present in these seeds. Zinc, found in the fennel seeds, promotes regular growth and development. The potassium content helps in maintaining the blood pressure and hence the heart rate is also maintained. The review aims to gather the fragmented information available in the literature regarding morphology, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Foeniculum vulgare. It also compiles available scientific evidence for the ethnobotanical claims and to identify gaps required to be filled by future research. Findings based on their traditional uses and scientific evaluation indicates that Foeniculum vulgare remains to be the most widely used herb globally.